Native American Culture Essay

The Native American culture is various in various viewpoints, for example, music, moves, exhibitions and even expressions. They have an assortment of instruments and moving styles. Each move is performed during various events or exercises. The Native Americans had various clothing types which were worn during various services, for example, strict capacities, ceremonies and network social affairs (Leco Para 9). A case of the local functions is the gathering. This is a social affair which is predominantly made out of various Indian clans. It includes various exercises, for example, moving rivalries, describing stories and different challenges. These are exercises which ordinarily occur throughout the end of the week in various territories and everybody is welcome to go to this capacity (Leco Para 10). There are various sorts of moves, for example, jingle move, war moves and other mutual moves. The jingle move is for the most part a challenge for ladies and the moving clothing is beautified with metallic material. Different moves incorporate scarf move which is acted in a winged creature like way. The dress for this sort of move is painted and encircled with dots (Leco Para15). There are diverse war moves which are fundamentally performed by the men. These incorporate extravagant move and grass move. The clothing types are enhanced in various shades of globules, hides and plumes. The other sort of move is the Kiowa gourd move which is performed fundamentally to recall extraordinary seniors and warriors from various clans. The Kiowa move is for everybody including the observers. This sort of move unites individuals and it serves to improve harmony and solidarity. The greater part of the Native American music includes moving, reciting and various styles of moving (Leco, Para 18). Local American Flute The Native American woodwind was a wooden kind of woodwind. It has a whistle like mouth piece and was a significant instrument in many events and services. The manner in which it was bended is totally different contrasted with the flutes found in Asia, Europe and Africa. The various sorts of woodwinds were produced using various materials, for example, cedar, sweet grass and waterway stick. These woodwinds incorporate dark bolt woodwinds and Turtle Island woodwinds. The flutes were conveyed in packs produced using deer skin (Native Languages of the Americans, Para 7). Woodwind sack Source: Native Languages of the Americans site Local American Drums The Native Americans had various sorts of drums, for example, Hoops drums, Shamanic drums, Foot drums, Powwow drums, Tom drums and water drums. The circle drums were utilized in various types of customs and different services. They differ in distance across and are held in the hands. They produce various types of tunes relying upon the measurements. Those that are huge produce a profound voice contrasted with the littler ones. These drums are typically comprised of various types of materials, for example, skin and covers up. They are painted in designs utilizing various hues (Godbole, Para 3). Shamanic drums are for the most part utilized as apparatuses used to interface with spirits. This training is known as shamanism and it is a particular sort of custom. There are various clans that rehearsed shamanism, for example, Lakota clan which is found in the North America. It helps in associating these individuals to a totally extraordinary world when they are in a decent perspective. These drums are utilized during various exhibitions and customs (Godbole, Para 4). Shamanic drum Source: Native Languages of the Americans site The council drum is an uncommon sort of drum utilized for a particular kind of custom known as the gathering. The council is a notable occasion among the Native Americans. This occasion includes a gathering of individuals who are associated with drumming. It is a drum which is greater in size and requires a gathering of individuals to play it (normally 8 men) (Godbole Para 5). Council Drum Source: Native Languages of the Americans site The foot drum was utilized by clans, for example, Hopi, Aztec, Miwok and Maidu. It’s a remarkable sort of drum among the Native Americans in that it is played utilizing the foot. They were produced using empty logs of wood which were struck utilizing shafts and this was trailed by reverberation from these drums. The Tom drums were little drums which were handily held by the hands. They are longer and smaller in plan. In spite of different sorts of drums, the hands are utilized to play the Tom drums (Godbole Para 6). Then again, water drums are made of wood and loaded up with water. The water drums happen in two unique sorts in particular; Iroqusi and Yaqui. There are different kinds of drums, for example, Tarahumara, apache drums and Lakota. These are, notwithstanding, less well known than those referenced previously. Each music in the Native American culture must be went with a drum. This is because of the way that the individuals accepted this was the best way to arrive at the spirits subsequently the best way to speak with the divine beings (Godbole, Para 7). Water drum Source: Native Languages of the Americans site Tribes and Traditions The Native Americans comprised of various clans each with remarkable sorts of conventions and societies. A portion of these clans incorporate Sarasi, Ute, Kiowa, Hidutsa among others. Every clan had its own type of ceremonies and exercises. They were associated with a few services the greater part of which were strict social events and customs. A case of such functions is the Sun move which was gone to by enormous gatherings of individuals. Penances were made during this service to guarantee that harmony wins in the network. This service was completed by a minister who was notable in the network. The Native Americans had various types of customs, for example, recuperating conventions (Desy Para. 4). The greater part of the cutting edge types of recuperating have their underlying foundations in the Native American culture. Each clan had its own senior who was a healer. Notwithstanding being cultivators, these older folks were likewise assigned the obligation of associating the individuals with the spirits. The clans had faith in dreams which were made an interpretation of in order to know the importance. The individuals had a novel method of closure fights by utilizing the â€Å"Talking Sticks† These were passed starting with one individual then onto the next during gatherings. It was a method of demonstrating admiration to other people. Different conventions incorporate purging customs and the utilization of creatures as aides. The last suggests that when a creature was seen either, all things considered, or in a fantasy, it was accepted that they were a type of aides from the divine beings (Desy Para. 6). Works Cited Desy, Phylameana L. Local American Healing Traditions, Tools and Healing Practices, 2010. Recovered on May 14, 2010 from: http://mending. about. com/od/instruments/a/nativetools. htm Godbole, Medha. Local American Drum Music, 2010. Recovered on May 14, 2010 from: http://www. buzzle. com/articles/local american-drum-music. html Leco, Mike. Local American Indian Culture, 2010. Recovered on May 14, 2010 from: http://www. usatourist. com/english/inside/indians2. html Native Languages of the Americans. Local America Indian Flutes, 2007. Recovered on May 14, 2010 from: http://www. local dialects. organization/woodwinds. htm

Is recruiting efforts, promotions, prejudice, and retention of Research Paper

Is enlisting endeavors, advancements, bias, and maintenance of minority officials a wellspring of worry inside a law implementation office - Research Paper Example Along these lines, the capability and experience of such people take the inside phase of contemplations. In any case, the enrollment, advancement and maintenance of the minority bunches calls for additional contemplations, other than their reasonableness; regarding capabilities and experience. For this situation, the vulnerabilities of the competitor, which makes them to be in a small situation than the rest, who have capabilities and encounters are thought of, with the point of giving such up-and-comers the chance, since they can't contend with the rest adequately, attributable to their vulnerabilities (Shusta, Levine, Wong, and Harris, 2005). This causes pressure on the grounds that; there are chances that such applicants may neglect to perform well in the activity, in spite of having been preferred over the others. On the occasion that such applicants neglect to convey true to form, yet they were supported based on their race, sexual orientation or root, it will make pressure different accomplices at work, since they could feel that the best qualified up-and-comers would have been se lected, advanced or held (Wirth, 2001). More than to the business who may feel that they didn't get the best qualified possibility for the activity, the certified up-and-comers who lost the employment to the minority applicant feel progressively worried. Law authorization offices are touchy and especially inclined to incredible perils, on the occasion that they are not run by qualified and the most reasonable up-and-comers (Arnesen, 2007). In this way, the use of governmental policy regarding minorities in society, necessitating that the minority bunches are supported during enlistment, advancement or maintenance serves to put such offices in danger of having people, who may not be as qualified and experienced with the work, as different competitors who were precluded to clear route for the minority. The pressure will be borne by both the law authorization office and the minority competitor; since the up-and-comers will consistently feel that they are in the activity

The Monopoly and Fair Return Sample Essay

The Monopoly and Fair Return Sample Essay The fair return is of great importance in assessing the comparative merits of various investments. In this regard, it is of significant importance whether this rule is calculated before or after the tax deduction. For most types of investments, the fair return after the tax takeout is more informative. Fair returns from investments most often are made more than once a year. And this means that it is necessary to analyse the annual interest rate (APR) to obtain comparable results. Since the definition of marginal average costs and marginal return, as well as the level of demand, is difficult, the fair return rate is used to determine the level of prices that are most useful. The rate of profit from 15% to 50% is quite acceptable, and the one that is more than 100% refers to super-profits. At the same time, it is necessary to remember that the turnover of the advanced capital in a number of industries may not be one year and it should be taken into account when calculating the rate of return. The market is monopolised when the products that do not have close substitutes are offered by a single seller to a wide audience because the entrance to this market is closed for other sellers. The market may be closed either due to a legislative ban on certain economic activities (state monopoly on alcohol or gambling, patented manufacturing techniques) or because of fear of large losses in case of an unsuccessful attempt to enter the industry. Sometimes, so-called natural monopolies appear that become the only producers of products not because of the closure of the market but because of the continued growth in returns. What combination of production/price will be chosen by a monopoly depends not only on costs but also on the goals. Unlike a perfect competitor, a monopoly does not necessarily have to strive to maximise profits. The position of a single seller allows it to set other goals, for example, maximising the fair return or profit margins. In addition, a monopoly can sell the same products at different prices at the same time. The usual average return of monopolies is fixed and assumes the character of permanent rent. And over it, a stable increment is formed that is an additional profit realised at a monopoly price. It turns into a super profit. The buyers of goods produced by a monopoly initially bear losses equal to monopoly profits. They include these losses in the costs of production and the prices of their goods. Thus, they shift their losses to other industries. As a result, the average return of total fair is reduced by a number of monopoly profits. And the sum of the prices rises as a result of the growth of production costs for many goods. The higher the monopoly profit is the lower the mass and the rate of average profit. Thus, a stable monopoly profit does not appear as a form of manifestation of the average profit. On the contrary, it denies the latter, distorts and hinders the operation of the mechanism of product prices in the non-monopolistic sector of production. The development of a stable monopoly profit occurred through the distribution of joint-stock companies. The effective equalisation of fair returns in the monopolistic sector does not mean the restoration of the law of average profit in it in its previous form. The averaged profits of monopolised industries are just average monopoly profits. The fair return is the form of realisation of monopoly profit. This is due to the fact that the profits of monopolies equal the difference between the sum of the prices of the goods sold by them and the sum of their production costs.

Othello, By William Shakespeare - 983 Words

Othello is the Othello is the perfect example that you can’t believe everything you see or hear in life, also that constant self-doubt can push one to the brink of insanity. It is always important to consider your source of information, can the information source be trusted? In the case of Othello, Iago has poured information into his ear that holds no truth or worth. Iago states that, â€Å"I’ll pour this pestilence into his ear† (II.III.330). â€Å"The Moor already changes with my poison† (III.III.329–336). Despite the obvious fact that Iago is not being truthful to Othello, he believes Iago and his word. Iago ensures him of that, â€Å"My Lord, you know I’m your friend† (III.III.6). Othello responds with, â€Å"I think you are. And I know you’re full of love and honesty, and you think carefully before you speak† (III.III.6). Othello believes the false accusations that Iago has poured into him. Iago is so sore at Othello that he chose him over Cassio to be his lieutenant. Iago felt he should have been the one chosen to fulfill the duties of the position. Iago has a plan to cast revenge on Othello and will see to it that he carries it out no matter the cost or lives lost. Iago is portrayed as the evil character in the play, or the villain so to speak. Iago uses many people to his advantage to fulfill his plan of revenge on Othello without them even knowing what he is doing. Iago is so disappointed with Othello for not choosing him to be his lieutenant that he is consumed with envy and rage toShow MoreRelatedOthello, By William Shakespeare957 Words   |  4 Pagesinnocent person kills himself while not knowing the truth. The best example of that would be the play Othello by the great William Shakespeare. As little as a handkerchief could make a difference if it is a symbol for something. In the play Othello by Shakespeare, handkerchief is first introduced by Othello to his beautiful mistress, Desdemona, as a sign of their love. 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The tragic plot of Othello hinges on the potential of the villain, Iago, to deceive other characters, above all Roderigo and Othello, through encouraging them to misinterpret what they see. Othello is prone to Iago s ploys seeing that he himselfRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare941 Words   |  4 Pageswas Williams Shakespeare’s play Othello which depicts the tragedy of Othello, a Morris Captain. What is different about Shakespeare play is that the tragic hero is the black Othello and the villain a white Iago. Therefore, Shakespeare depiction of Othello as a tragic character and Iago as a villain, challenges Elizabethan’s stereotypes regarding individuals of African descent. 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The overall logical argument is based on love, jealousy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their trueRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1140 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Othello† is a play written by William Shakespeare in 1603. In this play, Shakespeare features three major characters: Othello, Iago, and Desdemona. Othello, a black man, and Desdemona, a white venetian secretly eloped in the play. Iago shows racism and prejudice towards their relationship because of their skin colors. In the play, Iago says: â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Arise, arise! Awake the snorting citizens with the bell, or else the devil will make a

A Thousand Splendid Suns Critical Analysis - 1251 Words

The authors Khaled Hosseini and Kurt Vonnegut write novels of critical acclaim. Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns explores the life of Mariam and her struggles with her husband and society, however, she finds reason to fight through a religious tutor. Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five examines the life of Billy Pilgrim who goes through the bombing of Dresden and is kidnapped by an alien species, the Tralfamadorians, who have him apply a new philosophy. Using traditional techniques, Hosseini constructs Mullah Faizullah, the religious tutor, as a wise mentor. The persona of a hermit guru was used by Vonnegut as a non-traditional guide in the form of the Tralfamadorians in Slaughterhouse-Five. Hosseini uses foreshadowing and a comforting†¦show more content†¦By introducing Mariam to the Muslim religion, Mullah Faizullah brings another form of wisdom; one that can be summon[ed]... in... time of need (Hosseini 17). Through acts of guidance and granting insight to Ma riam, Hosseini cements Mullah Faizullah as a teacher. Contributing to the mentor character type, Hossenini creates the close relationship between Mariam and Mullah Faizullah. Hosseini explains how Mariam s favorite, other than Jalil of course, was Mullah Faizullah, which directly states Mariam s fondness for Mullah Faizullah. Hosseini also provides a visual of their relationship as, sometimes they went for walks among the bronze fallen leaves and alder bushes, along the stream and toward the mountains (Hosseini 16). Hosseini describes a calming and beautiful setting which reflects their relationship. The mountains also resemble the strong and towering bond the two have and how their relationship continues to grow. Continuing with the uncanny similarities, when their relationship is threatened, Mariam frantically shrieks, I ll live with Mullah Faizullah... He ll take me in. I know he will (Hosseini 48). 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Urban sprawl Free Essays

The term â€Å"urban design† may have been coined in the mid-1950s but 20 years later it was still largely unused outside a small circle of people concerned with the four- dimensional development of precincts of cities. It has a wide, almost boundary-less definition with different connotations depending on professional discipline or the particular context within which the urban environment is being assessed. It is the process of making or shaping physical forms through cognitive perception (senses) (Arnheim, 1969)-it is not simply an intellectual process nor can it be. We will write a custom essay sample on Urban sprawl or any similar topic only for you Order Now Design is not linear and constitutes a sensual engagement with reality (not virtual reality). Elements of Urban design: Urban Design involves the design and coordination of all that makes up cities and towns: a. Buildings, b. Public spaces, c. Streets, d. Transport and e. Landscape. Urban Design weaves together these elements into a coherent, organized design structure. The urban design structure defines the urban form and the building form. Design is also making of things through indirect or unintentional actions. It is the physical and geometric manifestation of underlying forces generated by human ehavior and its interactions with the environment. The way you arrange your furniture in the living room to be â€Å"comfortable† is an act of design that has behind it significant underlying (cultural) forces and determinants (Hall, 1966). Consequently, as we approach design in our culture, we have basic approaches and conventions for interpreting human behavior and needs into design form. 0 People: need, want, aspiration, passion. Program: what and how much of something satisfies the stated need. 0 Context: bio-physical, cultural, Jurisdictional, historic/time, interrelationships. Organization, structure, and process. 0 Design elements, principles, and relationships or compositions (art): space, enclosure, movement, and circulation. 0 Structure, manufacturing, and economy. References and source: Urban Design. org. Books: Jon Lang – , Urban Design: A typology of procedures and produc ts, Ron Kasprisin – Urban Design, the composition of complexity. 4. Short notes: a. URBAN SPRAWL: The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas. Poorly planned development that spreads a citys population over a wider and wider the land between them and the city fills in as well. Examples: . A Northern Virginia housing development encroaches on farmland. Population growth and relocation is threatening rural environments across the world. Photograph by Sarah Leen Written by John G. Mitchell Republished from the pages of National Geographic magazine. 2. In the United States, urban sprawl is becoming a matter of increasing concern. From 1970 to 1990, people who worked in U. S. cities moved farther and farther from urban centers. The population density of cities in the United States decreased by more than 20 percent as people in cities moved to suburbs and outlying areas. About 0,000 square miles of rural lands were gobbled up by housing developments. For example, the population of the city of Chicago decreased during this period from 3. 4 million people to 2. 8 million. But the Chicago metropolitan area grew from about 7. 0 million persons to 7. 3 million. Sprawl occurs in metropolitan areas that allow unrestricted growth or that have no plans to contain it. Other factors include the widespread use of automobiles and the building of expressways. Example: Mexico City. References and Source: Unbelievable aerial photographs of Mexico City show how the urban landscape preads over mountains while maintaining a remarkable 25,400 people per square mile. â€Å"In a megalopolis like Mexico City,† Mail, â€Å"the relationship between man and space is ever so apparent. ww. pearlandisd. com† National geographic. com – By John G. Mitchell in July 2001, Fraser Sherman – Demand media. b. URBANIZATION: Urbanization is the physical growth of urban areas which result in rural migration and even suburban concentration into cities, particularly the very large ones. The United Nations projected that half of the world’s population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008. By 2050 it is predicted that 64. 1% and 85. 9% of the developing and developed world respectively will be urbanized. Urbanization is closely linked to modernization, industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization. Urbanization can describe a specific condition at a set time, i. e. the proportion of total population or area in cities or towns, or the term can describe the increase of this proportion over time. So the term urbanization can represent the level of urban development relative to overall population, or it can represent the rate at which the urban proportion is increasing. Example: Chicago 1854 1898 Graphs: Source: United Nations, World urbanization prospects: The 2003 revision, population division of department of economic and social affairs of the United Nations secretariat. c. URBANITY: Urbanity refers to the characteristics, personality traits, and viewpoints associated with cities and urban areas. People who can be described as having urbanity are also referred to as citified. Example: They seek papers and panels that investigate elements of urbanism and urbanity during’ the long nineteenth century, such as: urbanites (the flaneur, the prostitute, the detective, the criminal, etc. urbanites and the rise of consumer culture; immigrants and urban communities: urban domesticity in literature and culture; architecture, urban design, and city planning; urban spaces and the gothic imagination; motilities and forms of urban transport; the politics of urban space; the city and the natural environment; urban cartographies; urban crime and violence; urban spa ces and urban peripheries (Suburbs; ghettos, wastelands, industrial zones, dumps and other hybrid spaces); urbanism and public health; animals and urban environments; concert halls, opera houses, and other urban entertainment venues; estaurants, cafes, and urban eating and drinking; leisure and urbanism; city/country divides; and the anti-urban tradition in art and literature. Typology (in urban planning and architecture) is the taxonomic classification of (usually physical) characteristics commonly found in buildings and urban places, according to their association with different categories, such as intensity of development (from natural or rural to highly urban), degrees of formality, and school of thought (for example, modernist or traditional). Individual characteristics form patterns. The word type has been derived from the Greek word ‘Typos’ which means ‘impression’. A type in urban design is a characteristic set of form properties of a building, a space or combinations of both (groupings of buildings or spaces, combinations of buildings and spaces). A type is not a concrete example that can be copied. It is a means of establishing a relation between a large numbers of comparable objects. Keeping that in mind it can be seen as a kind of ‘generalized model’. In contrast to a category that has a sharp delineation, the delineation of a type is vague and it is multiple interpretable. This makes it pre-eminently suitable to be used in a design process because it occupies a position in between abstract ideas measures than to the modern measure. The type incorporates quality and quantity, but it is not necessary to revert to pre-rational scientific ideas to use it. Buildings have been classified in many different ways, depending on the nature of the study, and the purpose of the classification. In building type studies, for example, buildings are classified according to their functions. The purpose of building type studies is to compare the methods by which different architects have responded to imilar client needs (building task), under different economic, social, technical and site constraints. Hospitals are studied together, and so are schools, houses, office buildings, stadiums and so on. The differences in the design approach among the designers can be very instructive. References and Sources: Books: Urban Design: A typology of procedures and products, How to cite Urban sprawl, Papers Urban Sprawl Free Essays Draft Frumkin (2001) , in his articleâ€Å"urban sprawl and public health†, analyses the physical and mental effects of urban sprawl. In the section â€Å"physical effects of urban sprawl† of the article â€Å"urban sprawl and public health†, Frumkin(2001) argues the relationship between urban sprawl and physical health. The writer points out that urban sprawl leads to high levels of driving cars and motor vehicles are a main cause of air pollution. We will write a custom essay sample on Urban Sprawl or any similar topic only for you Order Now Furthermore, air pollution results in numerous health problems. Frumkin indicates that higher ozone levels link to more respiratory symptoms, worse lung function and more patients. Especially, air pollution may lead to people suffering from other respiratory diseases die. The author also notes that the usage of cars brings global climate change. In addition, human health is affected by global climate change in many ways, involving the influences of heat, enhancement of air pollutants and more epidemic. Frumkin suggests that sprawl is linked with reduction od physical exercise since cars replace bikes and foot. Reduction of physical exercise contributes to obesity. A number of health problems are driven by both decreased physical exercise and obesity. In the â€Å"social effects of urban sprawl† section of the paper â€Å"urban sprawl and public health†, Frumkin(2001) examines the mental effects of urban sprawl. Although Frumkin concedes that one aspect of sprawl, moving to the suburbs to contact nature may benefit health, other aspects of sprawl may have bad effects on human health. The writer claims that automobile commuting causes stress and stress-related health problems. Furthermore, road rage which is on the rise may be an indicator of such problems. Frumkin predicts that people who need longer time drive cars on overcrowded roads may have commuting pressure and that may threaten human mental health. How to cite Urban Sprawl, Essay examples

Penelope Is a Real Hero

Odysseus has often been regarded as the only hero in the famous Homer’s epic Odyssey. It is but natural as the epic goes under the name Odyssey and it focuses on Odysseus’s adventures. Nonetheless, there are many other heroes. It is important to note that males have been ascribed to heroic deeds, e.g.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Penelope Is a Real Hero specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Odysseus and his men, or Telemachus (Clayton 18). However, women also play an important role in the story. Goddesses, shadows and living women help men in their activities. Of course, Athena, the goddess of warfare and wisdom, helps Odysseus in many affairs. However, the goddess should not be regarded as a heroine as she does not belong to the world of humans. As far as the heroines pertaining to the world of humans are concerned, one of the main heroines to be admired is Penelope, Odysseus’s wife w ho is faithful, wise and even as cunning as her husband. In fact, Penelope should be considered a hero as she manages to rule the kingdom (Ithaca), she is ready to sacrifice her entire life for the sake of her son, Telemachus, and she manages to remain faithful to her husband due to her wisdom and cunning. The Wise Ruler When analyzing the role of the queen in the story, it is crucial to remember about the role of women in the Ancient Greek society. Thus, Clark and Schwiebert point out that Penelope is to fulfill tasks which â€Å"must be relatively safe, can easily be interrupted and resumed, and must require minimal movement from home† (164). Penelope being a woman has to comply with these rules. However, the queen is in quite a specific position. She does not have her husband beside her to run the house and the entire kingdom. It is necessary to note that the epic does not focus on Penelope as a ruler. Nonetheless, it is clear that Penelope plays a very important role in h er kingdom even though it is not revealed explicitly. Thus, Odysseus meets his mother and inquires her about Penelope. The woman describes Penelope’s position in the following way: Still with her child indeed she is, poor heart, still in your palace hall. Forlorn her nightsAdvertising Looking for research paper on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More and days go by, her life in weeping. But no man takes your honored place. Telemakhos has care of all your garden plots and fields, and holds the public honor of a magistrate, feasting and being feasted†¦ (Homer 351) The first part of this speech suggests that Penelope is only weeping and doing some female job in the house. It may seem that Telemachus is the real ruler of the kingdom as he takes care of all public affairs, and he also runs their lands. Nonetheless, it is clear that the young ruler resorts to his mother’s help who gives valuable advice on various matters. The first line of the speech confirms that Penelope is beside her son helping him in any possible way. Of course, it is impossible to claim that Penelope is as powerful as any other ruler, or Odysseus himself, as she is still just a woman in the Ancient Greek society. Nonetheless, Penelope’s role is somewhere in between (Clayton 19). It is possible to claim that she is the ‘à ©minence grise’ of Ithaca who manages to keep the wealth and glory of the kingdom.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Penelope Is a Real Hero specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Vetter claims that weaving is one of the most important symbols in the epic (33). Of course, it is the symbol of memory as Penelope is thinking about Odysseus while weaving. Apart from this, Penelope’s weaving can also be regarded as a symbol of her â€Å"status within her household, the city of Ithaka† (Vetter 33). On one hand, she fulfills purely female tasks like weaving. On the other hand, she guides her son and helps him to be a wise ruler. She creates a covert web which covers the entire kingdom and keeps its order. It is necessary to add that that the woman has to live under a great pressure as she is doomed to hear news about her heroic husband and she still thinks he is dead. She cannot bear listening to songs about her courageous husband: â€Å"†¦ But sing no more / this bitter tale that wears my heart away† (Homer 233). Nonetheless, the woman finds strength to think of her son and the entire kingdom. She manages to be thoughtful even in her grief. Admittedly, this is one of the features ascribed to heroes. Penelope’s Self-Sacrifice Furthermore, she is not only a wise and strong ruler. She is also a loving mother. She is also ready to sacrifice her entire life to secure her son’s future. She has to comply with the necessity to remarry as her so n â€Å"is suffering as a result of the suitors’ devouring of his resources† (Said 298). The woman has to think of remarriage as her family as well as her son force her to do this as all think that Odysseus is no more alive: â€Å"Odysseus was not the only one at Troy / never to know the day of his homecoming† (Homer 234). Even Odysseus himself forces her to marry as on his departure he claims that she should remarry in case he does not come back when their son is already adult (Vetter 33). The wretched woman loves her husband and believes he is still alive and she hopes that her husband will come and take revenge: Ah, if he comes again, no falcon ever struck more suddenly than he will, with his son,Advertising Looking for research paper on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More to avenge this outrage! (Homer 445) However, she still cannot lament for the rest of her life as she is to take care of her child (Heitman 63). She understands that many people would like to be the rulers of Ithaca. She also understands that she is not able to resist all those suitors who can soon become enemies. These enemies can bring their troops to the gates of Ithaca. Thus, Penelope understands that only women, her young son and her old wretched father-in-law cannot resist an army of trained warriors. She understands that any resistance will lead to the fall of her homeland: â€Å"spurn them she dare not, though she hates that marriage† (Homer 231). Her son reveals the graveness of their position: We have no strong Odysseus to defend us, and as to putting up a fight ourselves – we’d only show our incompetence in arms. (Homer 237) She has to find the way out. The only way out for her is another marriage. She has to marry one of the suitors. Admittedly, this deed can be seen as incompatible to heroic deeds. However, in this case Penelope does perform a heroic deed. She sacrifices her feelings, and even her life to save her son and her land from destruction. Of course, she does not lead an army and she does not defeat her enemies. However, her submission should be considered heroic. Furthermore, sacrifice is often regarded as a heroic deed, no matter what kind of sacrifice it is. Therefore, Penelope is one of those heroes who sacrifice something for the good. She is not concerned with her own destiny as she strives to save her land and her son. This courage is inspiring. More so, even some men depicted in the epic do not reveal the same courage and self-sacrifice. Admittedly, Penelope should be considered as one of the heroes of the epic. Penelope’s Faithfulness She Tries the Suitors Apart from her readiness to sacrifice everything, Penelope has the courage and wits to remain faithful to her husband. In the first place, she tries to postpone the day she should make her decision. She is as cunning as her husband. She manages to deceive her suitors for three years weaving and unweaving (Heitman 63). At the same time she never stops inquiring about her husband: Every time some traveller comes ashore he has to tell my mistress his pretty tale, and she receives him kindly, questions him, remembering her prince, while the tears run down her cheeks†¦ (Homer 391) Penelope is unwilling to betray her husband or even his memory. Even when her secret is revealed and she is forced to make her decision, she still manages to postpone the day of her marriage. Penelope makes her suitors compete. Even when the wise woman understands that she has no choice and she has to choose a new husband, she makes a wise choice. She invents another trial for the suitors. She makes the suitors understand that she can marry only the most deserving man who could be as strong as Odysseus (Steinruck 113). She Tries Her Own Husband Apart f rom trials for her suitors, she wants to make sure that the man who claims to be her husband is really her beloved. Her faithfulness does not allow her to accept the man unless she is perfectly sure that the man is her husband. The woman feels that the beggar is her husband, but she wants to make sure (Steinruck 114). Steinruck suggests that Penelope understands that the beggar is Odysseus but still keeps asking and trying him â€Å"for the playful revenge she takes on Odysseus because he misled her† (114). Nonetheless, her reluctance is more likely to be a sign of her great faith. She makes everyone understand that there is only one man who can be beside her. It goes without saying that Penelope’s faithfulness is one of the features ascribed to heroes. Only real heroes can be that faithful to their beloved (or to some ideas). Penelope is faithful to both her husband and her idea of marriage. She believes she can belong to one man only and she remains faithful to this idea no matter what. It is also important to note that her faith makes her that courageous and wise. Like any other hero, Penelope is guided by her faith. She performs heroic deeds in the name of her ideas. This makes her one of the main heroes of the epic. Conclusion It is important to remember that Penelope is one of the main heroes of the epic. This courageous woman has all features of a great hero. She manages to keep the kingdom prosperous. It is necessary to note that she manages to rule even though women in Ancient Greece were to fulfill female tasks only. She does not exercise her power overtly. However, Penelope is a wise advisor who helps the young Telemachus to rule the kingdom. Apart from being a wise ruler (like any other hero), she is also ready to sacrifice everything. Thus, the kingdom as well as her own son is in danger, so she does not care about her well-being. Penelope is ready to remarry (which means death for her) in order to save her homeland. Finally, the wis e woman is faithful. She never betrays her husband, her love and her principles. Admittedly, this faithfulness can be regarded as a heroic feature. It is also important to note that Penelope should be considered a hero as she performs heroic deeds and she can be characterized by major heroic features. At the same time, she is a woman who has to comply with conventions of the patriarchal world. More so, she can be regarded as one of the major heroes as she reveals great courage to save the entire kingdom when her royal husband is away. Admittedly, Odysseus himself in many situations is not as courageous as his wise wife as the former often flees from dangerous situations whereas Penelope has to remain in the place where she can be destroyed. Penelope has the courage to face her enemies, which makes her a great hero. Works Cited Clark, Susan H., and Valerie L. Schwiebert. â€Å"Penelope’s Loom: A Metaphor of Women’s Development at Midlife.† Journal of Humanistic C ounseling, Education and Development 40.2 (2001): 161-171. Print. Clayton, Barbara. A Penelopean Poetics: Reweaving the Feminine in Homer’s Odyssey. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2004. Print. Heitman, Richard. Taking Her Seriously: Penelope the Plot of Homer’s Odyssey. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2005. Print. Homer. â€Å"Odyssey.† The Norton Anthology of World Literature. Ed. Sarah Lawall et al. New York, NY: W.W. Norton Company, 2003. 225-516. Print. Said, Suzanne. Homer and the Odyssey. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2011. Print. Steinruck, Martin. The Suitors in the Odyssey: The Clash between Homer and Archilochus. New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., 2008. Print. Vetter, Lisa Pace. â€Å"Women’s Work† as Political Art: Weaving and Dialectical Politics in Homer, Aristophanes, and Plato. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2005. Print. This research paper on Penelope Is a Real Hero was written and submitted by user Dayton Poole to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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